The Debate On Nuclear Weapons - 1616 Words

Opening Arguments (Gerald Ferguson) Due to the severity and danger of nuclear weapons, it is very important for nations to have some sort of regulation with regard to the nuclear program and more specifically their nuclear weapons program. After the first nuclear bomb was created by the U.S. nations states that followed the U.S. with the creation of a nuclear bomb seek to justify their creation of the nuclear. There are many reasons why a nation state will create a nuclear bomb but the key issue here is why and how nations states should be regulated with regard to nuclear weapons development. If Iran is considered a potentially hostile regime based on the perspective of western allies it would be logical to attempt to negotiate with them so that their nuclear program can have some type of regulation rather than no regulation at all or striving to strong arm them from developing their nuclear program and possibly a nuclear weapons program. History of Nuclear Weapons Program According to an article posted in the Huffington Post on January 9, 2012, there are nine countries with nuclear weapons. The countries with nuclear weapons are as follows: United States (1945), the Soviet Union (1949), the United Kingdom (1952), France (1960), China (1964), India (1974), Pakistan (1998) and North Korea (2006) and Israel. The Huffington Post also reports that five of the members of the UN Security Council have nuclear weapons (Russia, the U.S., France, China and the United Kingdom).Show MoreRelatedThe Nuclear Debate On Nuclear Weapons3995 Words   |  16 Pages The Nuclear Debate Joe Archbold POL433 11-4-2014 Abstract Beginning in 1945 with the detonation of nuclear weapons, the international system has been an ever-changing climate regarding nuclear weapons. Beginning with the 40 year deterrence of nuclear force during the cold-war and continuing up until the present day. One of the hot button issues of nuclear weapons is the argument whether or not nuclear weapons are necessary or a necessary evil. Carl Sagan and Kenneth Waltz are the forerunnersRead MoreThe Debate Of Nuclear Weapons1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe debate that nuclear weapons kept peace through mutually assured destruction is still quite controversial. Though some historians do not believe this. Eric Hobsbawm states this, â€Å"both sides thus found themselves committed to an insane arms race to mutual destruction.† The interpretations A, B, C, D both agree and disagree with this point and each historian has their on views. Interpretation A and D disagreed with the question however also had a different view and since it wa s more revisionistRead MoreThe Discontinuation of Nuclear Weaponry Creation1627 Words   |  7 Pagesthe first and only object of good government†. Have political leaders thrown aside this advice in their pursuit of nuclear arms proliferation? Since 1945, many world leaders have established forms of defense known as nuclear weapons that have the technology and capability to completely annihilate designated regions of the earth. Originally a plan for defense, the creation of nuclear arms has primarily turned into a show of military strength and superiority with little regard towards the preservationRead MoreA Proposal for the International Elimination of Nuclear Weapons1543 Words   |  7 Pagesset out a model of the Nuclear Weapons Convention (NWC) in 1997. The model underwent revision and reforms in 2007. The text puts a proposal that international law completely eliminates and bans the use of nuclear weapons. The proposal has general support from the international system. Over the years, security at the international level has faced opposition when it comes to the disarmament of nuclear weapons. Discussions that are concerned with the risks of nuclear weapons and the options for disarmamentRead MoreArgument Of Rational Deterrence Theory By Kenneth Waltz1026 Words   |  5 Pagestheory later made by Scott Sagan. Nuclear weapons have been an important issue for debate for years. The spotlight of nuclear weapons was an important factor during the cold war nevertheless the question of nuclear weapons remains afterwards. The question of both the spread and contraction of nuclear weapons remains a strong issue because of the opposing theories that argue against the question of the spread, contraction furthermore the total dissolution of nuclear weapons. What was Waltz argument? WaltzRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Nuclear Weapons1669 Words   |  7 PagesUse Policy If the nuclear bearing countries recommit themselves to fully embrace the idea of a no first use of their nuclear weapons against another country, then this will be an important step to abolishing the weapons. Although in 1982, the Soviet Union declared its intention of a no first use policy but it did not really stop them from deploying and upgrading their weapons. For this condition to hold, it would entail sweeping and substantial changes to US and Russian nuclear deployments, withRead MoreBanishment of Nuclear Weapons1192 Words   |  5 Pagescatastrophe† (Krieger 4). The debate over the moral and life threatening potential of nuclear weapons has been in question since the first bomb was detonated almost eight decades ago. Nuclear weapons seem rightly owned by the world’s superpowers in order to ensure protection, yet it is feared that nuclear weapons are the horrible remnant of the Cold War that may still potentially cause unilateral destruction. It has been propos ed by several benevolent world powers, that nuclear weapons should be banned fromRead MoreIs The Movie Fail Safe?938 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology has increased concern about whether humans had command over the use of nuclear weapons or can control nuclear weapons. With respect to this statement the research question for this article is the movie Fail Safe more fact than fiction? How plausible is accidental nuclear war? The movie Fail Safe describes these fears by displaying technology doomsday situation where an error by a computer causes a nuclear bomber group to be deployed against Moscow. Along with describing issues with respectRead MoreNuclear Proliferation Is The Global Spread Of Nuclear Weapons And Technology1748 Words   |  7 PagesNuclear proliferation is the global spread of nuclear weapons and technology. At the end of World War II, the spread of nuclear weapons was happening at an accelerated rate. Countries like the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France, and China were developing nuclear weapons against the wishes of the United States. In an attempt to stop proliferation, a group of scientists peacefully protested the development of nuclear weapons by sending a petition to the United Nations. The United Nation agreed thatRead MoreNuclear Test B Taking Forward Multilateral Nuclear Weapons1651 Words   |  7 Pages Nuclear Test Ban Taking forward multilateral nuclear disarmament negotiations. A. Introduction Talking of the nuclear test ban under international regime the first thing that ticks the mind is the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) which is a multilateral treaty that bans all nuclear explosions, for both civilian and military purposes, in all environments. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on September 10, 1996 but has not entered into force

The Cellar Of Doom Free Essays

Alesha let out a long, heavy sigh. She couldn’t believe she was stuck in an old hotel in Lincoln, Maine, USA. It was the Summer Holidays and she had come to America with her mum, dad, and her annoying younger brothers Ashley and Scott, who were six and seven. We will write a custom essay sample on The Cellar Of Doom or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scott and Ashley weren’t the quiet sort of kids. They tended to excited over anything, and were always hyper. The Miller family were staying at The Stars And Stripes Hotel, which was really old and boring. Alesha would much rather be back at home in England, even it was raining all the time there. Alesha had only been there for two days, and had already taken advantage of the ‘fantastic facilities’. There was the ‘amazing’ pool and spa, the ‘fabulous’ arcade and the ‘wonderful’ multi – sports court. Alesha couldn’t see what was so fantastic about a dirty pool, an out-of-order spa, two fruit machines and a large pitch of mud with a few goalposts. It was going to be a very long and boring two weeks. She had been out ‘exploring’ the creepy, old hotel trying to find some kids around her age. Alesha was 14, so it was quite easy really, as there were loads of fed up teenagers staying at the old place. â€Å"Alesha, we’re going out!† her mum called. â€Å"Cool, lets go to Detroit, or Hollywood, or†¦.† â€Å"No, I mean me and your father are going for a meal. We’re going to find a place to eat. OK?† â€Å"What?† Alesha protested. â€Å"That’s not fair. You mean me, Ash and Scott have gotta stay here?† â€Å"That’s right. We’ll be only be gone for about three hours. We are not going far, we are still staying in Lincoln, don’t worry!† â€Å"But mum†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"No buts, OK? Now, be good.† Alesha sat on the fraying green couch, and looked around the dreary brown and yellow room. ‘The colours in here are awful. They so don’t match!’ she thought. She picked up her magazine and started to read the article about her favourite rapper, Eminem. She glanced at the clock. Her parents had only been gone for ten minutes. She heard a loud banging noise. â€Å"Ashley, Scott, please SHUT UP! Stop that banging NOW!† she shouted. â€Å"Alesha, it wasn’t us!† Scott called. â€Å"Whatever! Now, just shut up!† She flicked on the old television and picked up the dusty remote control. The room hadn’t been cleaned for ages. The floor had cigarette stains all over it, and as for the curtains, there was no point in having them there, because they were so ripped and frayed, they were almost non – existent. The banging noise was really annoying her now, and she yelled at her brothers to shut up, but they denied making the banging sound. She threw down her magazine and started to watch the TV. There was an image of a man building a brick wall in what looked a cellar. There was also a middle-aged lady with him. She looked really bewildered. Then the man turned to her and started beating the lady with a shovel. Boring! Alesha pressed the CHANNEL UP button. ‘Wonder how to get TRL on this thing?’ Alesha wondered. The same image was on the screen. What? Alesha pushed down hard on the control. Maybe the button had got jammed. Now the woman was crying out in pain, and blood was staining her pale blue dress. She was screaming STOP! STOP! But the man obviously had no feelings, for he kept beating her, his shovel bright red, his face with an evil grin, his grey eyes frostily staring at the frightened woman, and the horror on the woman’s face. Alesha was horrified, and pushed the button again. By now the woman was dead, and the TV still wasn’t working properly. Alesha watched as the man started digging a hole, maybe a grave, in this thing that looked like a fireplace, but filled with soil and coal. Then Alesha heard a banging, and she wasn’t sure whether it was on the TV or the same one as she had heard before. Alesha was really frightened, but she was almost glued to the screen. She wasn’t sure what it was, but it was like there was a special force, keeping her transfixed to the terrifying images. She tried to pull away, but she couldn’t. She watched as the evil man kicked the dead body into the make – shift grave. After a while, the man had covered the woman with soil and coal. He carried on building the wall. Alesha had snapped out of her trance, and tried the same button again. But when she pushed the button, nothing happened. What was going on? Maybe the remote wasn’t working properly. That was why the sick program wouldn’t go away. She stood up, and kept hearing continuous banging. Maybe it was next door or something. She was getting quite scared now. She realised that it was 6:30 pm, and that her parents had been gone for an hour. She couldn’t bear to be alone now, so she called to her brothers. She turned the TV off. â€Å"Oi, come ‘ere, now!† she called out, agitated. When they didn’t answer, she went to investigate. She realised that they were asleep in their beds. ‘Typical. Asleep at 6:30! Lazybones!’ she thought. ‘Well, they must be quite tired after the football this morning.’ Then there was a knock at the door. Thinking it was her parents, Alesha hastily opened it. â€Å"Hi!† said a voice. She saw it was her new friends that she had met in the pool yesterday. â€Å"Hi Marshall, hi Justin, hi Mel!† Alesha cried. Marshall was from Detroit, Justin was from California and Mel was from England. They were bored too. â€Å"Wanna come out with us? We are sooooo bored, and we’re jus’ wondering whether you wanna come and jus’ like wander around here.† Justin said. â€Å"I can’t, I gotta look after my brothers.† She replied. â€Å"Go on!† Mel pleaded. â€Å"Well, only quickly. Scott and Ash are asleep anyway.† Alesha stepped out with her friends, and realised that she had about two hours before her parents got back. â€Å"So where we goin’?† Alesha asked. â€Å"Dunno!† Mel replied. They walked around, and found a set of stairs leading downwards. Alesha had forgotten about the TV incident, because she was happy that she wasn’t alone anymore. There was a NO ENTRY sign on the door. Alesha’s phone beeped. It was a text message. It said: HI ALESHA HOPE U R LOOKIN AFTA UR BRUVZ. WE MIGHT BE BAK L8R, MAYB @ 9:30. HOPE U R OK. IF U GET WORRIED JUS CALL US. C U L8R MUM N DAD XX : ) Alesha felt a bit guilty leaving her brothers alone now, but pleased she was out of the boring, stuffy hotel room. Marshall turned the NO ENTRY sign over so that it looked like a blank piece of card. They followed the stairs down, and realised that it was a cellar. It was pitch black. Alesha heard a very familiar noise. â€Å"Uh†¦.is there a light in ‘ere?† Mel asked. â€Å"Hey, guys, y’hear that?† Alesha questioned, totally ignoring Mel. â€Å"What, the banging? Yeah, I think†¦.† Justin said. â€Å"SHHH!† she whispered. Sure enough, there was a banging coming from somewhere in the room. Marshall searched the wall with his hands to find a light switch. He found one, and flicked the switch on. BANG! BANG! â€Å"Marshall†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mel said. The banging got louder. â€Å"It’s nothing, OK guys? Leave it. We’re fine! Hey†¦.Look, a video camera! Its one of them ones that came out about five years ago, you know, a pocket one! They are worth loads!† Justin shouted with excitement. He went over to examine it. It was about 10cm in height and 5cm in width. Justin had seen it hidden in a small hole in the wall. It was plugged in though, as if someone had connected it to something. Alesha noticed that something had been boarded up. â€Å"Hey, check this out, I wonder what’s behind this?† â€Å"Er, probably nothin’ interestin'† Marshall answered. He started to kick the board down, with Justin still examining the video camera. Mel and Alesha just stood there talking. Once Marshall kicked the down the board, there was a wall which was about 2 metres high. â€Å"Hey, look over here!† he cried with excitement. â€Å"What it is?† Mel asked. â€Å"Dunno. I’m gonna climb over it and see what it’s hiding.† He started to clamber over it, but the wall obviously hadn’t been built properly, because it collapsed almost straight away. Marshall tumbled to the floor, and realised he had landed right next to something that made him feel quite sick†¦ â€Å"Ugh, Justin, it’s a skeleton! How did it get down here?† Justin screamed. â€Å"OH MY GOD!† Mel cried when she saw it. â€Å"Cool†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Marshall marvelled. â€Å"Yuk! What we gonna do?† Alesha shouted out. Then Alesha remembered the video. â€Å"Justin†¦.† she called out. She ran over to the video camera. It was true. The video camera was connected to a TV somewhere in the hotel. Her TV. The shocking images that she had been watching earlier had actually happened. She explained to the others what she had seen earlier. But how could the banging be explained? Once Justin had gone to reception to find somebody, the once isolated room was filled with police, hotel staff and detectives. The police questioned the kids. Mel thought they would get told off for entering the cellar without permission! They didn’t though. Although Alesha got told off for leaving Ashley and Scott on their own, she didn’t really mind because it had been an adventure for her. Months the woman was named as Ann McKenzie. The police confirmed that Alesha’s story was true. What had happened was that years ago, Ann knew that her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ would kill her, because he was so violent, and every time she left him, he would hunt her down and beat her up. Every year they came to Maine, to The Stars And Stripes Hotel, and he kept dropping hints about death and that he would kill her once they were in Maine. Because they were from California, he thought that he wouldn’t be caught because of the distance. She had no escape. So she invested in a mini camera so that he could be caught. Ann cleverly connected the camera to a TV, which happened to be in Alesha’s room. Since the hotel had been closed for the last three years due to health and safety reasons (Alesha wondered what it was like before the inspections), nobody would have noticed. Then Ann’s fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ (later named as Daniel Durst) beat her to death and sealed up her body up in the fireplace. Because the camera was a mini one, Daniel didn’t notice it. Ann was removed from the Missing Persons list, and because Daniel’s face was seen on the camera, the police caught him, and gave him a life imprisonment. The kids were given medals because they were quite brave. Alesha wasn’t sure, but she had a funny feeling the banging noise was the ghost of Ann McKenzie, trying to get the attention of holiday – makers, so that everything would be discovered, and her fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ would be put to justice. After Alesha’s holiday had finished, she kept in touch with the other kids. Maybe the holiday wasn’t so bad after all! How to cite The Cellar Of Doom, Papers

Diagnosis Essay Example For Students

Diagnosis Essay Jennifer came to me several failed visits and theripys through out her teen years. She had, like it past reports complained of always feeling worried and anxious. She often talked on how going out to social settings and relationships was so difficult. Believing that it was her fate to always be alone. She felt very uncomfortable around crowds as if they would turn on her in angry or disapproval. Jennifer had came to me after a referral from a mutual friend of mine. One that she had built a friendship with the current job that she had worked continuously for 2 yrs. Talking about her past relationships, I found she hadnt been intimate with any single person in over six yrs. That all had failed within 3 moths. Most of her broken relationships were because she felt mistrust, and a feeling that they were trying to pull something over on me, and I (Jennifer) was so afraid of being hurt. Often, making quick calls and predictions to the short-term future, she thought it was best to run away.Jennifers body language showed of an act. Working in the pubic she had taught herself to act how she viewed as normal. There was difficulty in eye contact, almost as if she was fighting not to look away. Observing her petite frame, it was on that Turning around I viewed her expressions threw a mirror on the wall, becoming untensed and looking down, it was an action of a person being gratefully relived. After building a strong foundation over several months, I begun slowly taking her back to her teen years. I found when Jennifer was 15 years of age; she had become intimate with a 17-year-old male. This relationship had lasted for two years. During the relationship, she told of constily being put down, that it wasnt nothing physical but all mental. She told of several experiences of that the male had look outside their relationship for other sexual gradifications, even so far to involve the majority of her trusted female friends. Jennifer spoke with tremble in her voice as she recalls certain personal situations. The short stories were that of deceit and humiliation. Social Phobia is the marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others. The individual fears that he or she will act in a way (or show anxiety symptoms) that will be humiliating or embarrassing. Exposure to the feared social situation almost invariably provokes anxiety, The person recognizes that the fear is excessive or unreasonable. The feared social or performance situations are avoided or else areendured with intense anxiety or distress. The avoidance, anxious anticipation, or distress in the feared social or performance situation interferes with the persons normal routine, occupational functioning, or social activities or relationships, or there is marked distress about having the phobia. If you suffer from social phobia, you tend to think that other people are very competent in public and that you are not. Small mistakes you make may seem to you much more exaggerated than they really are. Blushing itself may seem painfully embarrassing, and you feel as though all eyes are focused on you. You may be afraid of being with people other than those closest to you. Or your fear may be more specific, such as feeling anxious about giving a speech, talking to a boss or other authority figure, or dating. The most common social phobia is a fear of public speaking. Sometimes social phobia involves a general fear of social situations such as parties. More rarely it may involve a fear of using a public restroom, eating out, talking on the phone, or writing in the presence of other people, such as when signing a check. Although this disorder is often thought of as shyness, the two are not the same. Shy people can be very uneasy around others, but they dont experience the extreme anxiety in anticipating a social situation, and they dont necessarily avoid circumstances that make them feel self-conscious. In contrast, people with social phobia arent necessarily shy at all. They can be completely at ease with people most of